Video Review On Fundamentals Of Project Management - 825 Words

Video Review On Fundamentals Of Project Management (Term Paper Sample) Content: Introduction to Project Management FundamentalsName of StudentInstitutional AffiliationSummary of the Video: Introduction to Project Management FundamentalsProject Management FundamentalsThis report summarizes the video posted on YouTube by Juan David Zuliani in 2011. The video discusses the introduction to project management fundamentals, as presented during the Project Management Seminar. Zuliani describes project management an an important function of Operations Manager. It is a vital aspect of operations management, and it involves endeavors aimed at satisfying stakeholders needs.As stated by Zuliani, a project can be defined as a nonpermanent endeavor performed to produce a particular service or good. Projects can be described as thoughts that are implemented in a particular constraint environment, and they have a start and an end. This is made possible by integrating knowledge, time, capital, and other resources. This is usually an attempt aimed at achieving giv en SMART objectives through a series of monitored exercises, which are grouped into stages, and confined by defined scopes. They are aimed at delivering quality through the provision of beneficial change and value to an organization and its stakeholders. Project management entails applying tools, skills, knowledge, and techniques to project activities with an aim to meet or exceed stakeholders needs and expectations from a project. Project management often involves balancing different demands which include time, scope, budget, and delivering quality. Project managers are responsible for ensuring that they meet the needs of all stakeholder groups.In the planning stage of a project, Zuliani reiterates that managers should be in a position to distinguish between an operation and a project. An operation is repetitive and ongoing, whereas a project is temporary and unique. A project would involve developing a new product. It would begin at the inception of the idea to the designing of th e product, testing it, and finally launching it. In the modern business environment, the same firm can undertake several projects at the same time. Often this projects are interrelated to each other, and this is then called a program. The fundamental concepts of project management are scope, objectives, strategy, budget, schedulable, stakeholders, customer needs, quality, the environment, resources, and the organization's culture.Zuliani defines project scope as the activities that need to be achieved so that a product can be delivered. It defines the confinement of a project in terms of how extents it is required to be. It helps the involved individuals what the project is and what it is not. A project scope must be work oriented and define all tasks that must be undertaken in order for the entire project to be terminated. Project objectives are viewed from a SMART perspective. The objectives must be specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and timely. The project managers shou ld be in a position to distinguish between a project's objectives and the project goals. Project objectives are much more precise, and they normally involve a short lifespan. Goals, on the other hand, tend to be vague, and they often have a long time focus. For instance, the profitability objective of a company would be to achieve a 20% return on capital by August 2019. A company goal would be to increase market share.Once a manager has established project objectives, the next stage is determining the strategies that would be used to execute the project. Strategies help synchronizing environmental scanning results and the organization needs. It is a master plan that integrates the organizations values, mission, goals, objectives, resources, and tactics. A good strategy provides the implementation guidelines and also provides monitoring and evaluation tools. Project budget involves quantifying the resources required to accomplish a task by the given time. Budgets are financial statem ents that are prepared and approved prior to a defined period for the purpose of attaining certain objectives for that period. They are the planned costs for a project or activity. They define the amount of money needed, the available amount, and how the money shall be spent.Another important element of project management discussed by Zuliani is project scheduling. Project schedule entails the planned dates for starting and completing milestones and activities. A milestone is a significant aspect of the project, and it usually involves the completion of a major deliverable. A schedule is important since it allows for a sound financial planning. There are different tools that can be utilized to organize the schedule of a project like Gant charts and network diagrams. These tools aid in the realization of what activities need to be undertaken, at what time, and by who.Project managers should also be aware of the activities happening on the outside of the project, like knowing who the customers are. A customer is the individual, organization, or stakeholders whose requirements shall be met by the project. In many situations, they are the fin...

Pyramus And Thisbe in A Midsummer Nights Dream - Free Essay Example

The story Pyramus and Thisbe is an example of a story within a story or a myse en abyme in another play known as mid-summer nights dream. The play was written by the veteran poet and actor William Shakespeare in the year 1590. The play is somehow similar to another play by the Shakespeare known as Juliet and Romeo. The act took place in Theseus palace were three couples had just gotten married and were celebrating, feasting and getting entertained. A piece of paper written the number of people who were to perform was brought by philostrate. Theseus read the just brought list in order to choose one of the most interesting performances. The couples get fascinated by the play Pyramus and Thisbe. Then Quince introduces the play. The three couples then commented on the questions that followed about the play. The characters were then introduced and the play commenced (Tammie and Saxby, pg.7). In the story Pyramus and Thisbe who were neighbors fell in love. The main challenge that the couples had was adversity between their families. The couples were prohibited by their parents to meet with each other when they were dating. Due that factor, they often communicated through a wall crack in a wall fence separating their houses. It was during this day that the couples decided to meet at Ninus tomb. They wanted to meet in order to cure the curiosity surrounding their love affair. When Thisbe arrived at the tomb he spotted a lioness who had just finished eating her pray and was smearing blood at her mouth. He escaped from the predator and left his veil behind. When Pyramus arrived at the tomb he was frustrated when he saw the veil with blood. He was frustrated because he thought that his partner was killed by the lion. Pyramus fell on the sword killing himself. Later Thisbe returned to the tomb and found that his lover was dead. She was deeply troubled by the encounter until she resulted to falling on the sword committing suicide. The gods we re pitied by the incidence turning the mulberry tree into the crimson color. It is true that the plot of the story Pyramus and Thisbe has a direct link with the story Romeo and Juliet bringing a confusion to several critics about which among the stories was written first (Delcorno Pietro, pg.41). Apart from the two dramas making an emphasis to the issue of social convection and love, the story is a direct parallel to that of Juliet and Romeo. It is obvious that the talented author was mocking his love story Juliet and Romeo through a burlesque. Apart from other dramas by the author the story Midsummer nights dream does not have any written source, so the story inside the story Pyramus and Thisbe is a development from a written source to strengthen the original story. Though the story is thought to have been crafted by a group of mechanics it is used by Shakespeare to strengthen the theme of forbidden love. Another reason why Shakespeare used the story in the play Midsummer nights dream was to bring the different classes of his audience together. For instance , the audience comprised of working class, actors and mechanics who seem different in many aspects. During these periods when the play was conducted, there existed thick lines of social distinctions among people in Europe. Many other poets who existed during that period also used their comic to try bring to end the then social distinctions. The social distinctions are further displayed in the similar story of Romeo and Juliet. The tactical author is also thought to have brought the tragic story to educate the young people who were present at the audience and other audiences in later generations. He was obviously teaching them that every young love has a bitter ending accompanied by tears. Young lovers can live happily throughout their affair but their ending is usually tragic. Apart from young people anybody that lives for love must shade tears at one time when the love comes to an end either through death or through other ways. The play Pyramus and Thisbe has two main characters and other minor characters mentioned to support the story as well the themes accompanied by the story. The first character who is very popular in the story is Pyramus. According to the author the mentioned character is obviously young, perhaps in his teenage years (Camati Anna, pg.19). He is truly passionate and he is a model to the rest of the young men who existed during the renaissance period. The young character is also handsome according to the author. The character appeared to be impressive to the young lady Thisbe when they frequently communicated through the crack separating their homes. Pyramus is also nave. This character trait is largely exhibited on how the young man reacted when he saw the veil of her lover. The act of killing himself with an exhibit of the veil only, is a valid reason to show how the character was nave, misinformed and lacked exposure. If the character was not maybe native he would have taken sometim e to investigate on the matter before rushing towards making the decision of killing himself. The other main character in the story is Thisbe. From the analysis of the character Pyramus, then it is obvious that Thisbe is young and also she is in her teenage years. Thisbe is deeply in love with her lover Pyramus, and the trait can be easily depicted by the act of killing herself after she found his lover had already died. Thisbe is also an archetype. The trait can be easily figured out from the act of committing suicide after she found out that his lover was dead. Further to emphasize on her as being archetypical, the act of taking her own life is a symbol of she viewed their love affair as being connected by spirit and not flesh or blood. She is also determined and this is seen when she planned with Pyramus to meet at the old tomb to show him her commitment for their intimate relationship. Just like her lover she is also native. The author displays this trait when he signifies how the character was unable to control her grief until she took her precious life by a sword. However, her character sounds like an inspiration to many young people who lived during that period and later because challenges faced by young lovers are similar. Another important character in the play is the lion. This lion is one that chases Thisbe until she dropped her veil then the lion shades it with blood. When Pyramus found the veil he thought that Thisbe had been killed forcing him to commit suicide. Orpheus was another character who was music talented and his wife was killed by a snake bite. Eurydice is also an important character in the play and she is wife to Orpheus. Ceyx another character in the story goes on a journey to cross the sea but dies (Delcorno Pietro, pg.41). When Ceyx dies he turns into a turtle. Ceyx was in marriage with Alcyone who was his wife. Alcyone learned about her husbands death in a dream and wished that they would meet again. Pygmalion another character in the play was a Cyprus king who fell in love with a woman statue. The statue was later given life as Galatea. Galatea was another notable character who was converted to life from being a statue by Aphrodite as an answer to prayers by king Pygmalion. Baucis were old couples and they once hosted Hermes and Zeus. They were rewarded to never separate and when they died they turned into a tree. Philemon were other characters who hosted Zeus and Hermes when their neighbors refused to host them. The couple received several rewards like being saved from floods, their wish of dying at the same moment was granted turning them into a tree after their death. Endymion in the play was the shepherd and was in love with Selene. In the story Daphine fell in love with the daughter of god Peneus and did not leave him although she did not love him. Daphines farther turned her into a tree because he wanted to protect her. Alpheus was the god of the river and loved Arethusa until one day he chased her until she got tired turning her into water. Arethusa is the lady who turned into spring water after being chased by Alpheus. The story Pyramus and Thisbe is an example of a classis love story and many styles have been used to prepare the main plot of the story (Tammie and Saxby, pg.7). Most notable styles used by the author is Similarity. Similarity in the story manifests itself because the story is similar to the story of Juliet and Romeo which was written by the same author during the same period. The two stories are similar because their themes coincide with each other and symbols also look similar. Symbolism is another style used to develop the story. The story has many symbols but the main symbols are the mulberry tree and the wall. Though the wall separated the young lovers, there existed a chink that served as a link between the two young lovers. The chink in the wall is symbolic that it is futile to separate two hearts that have fallen in love with each other. Another symbol of a barrier is the parents of both Pyramus and Thisbe. Despite their feeling for love on one another the two parents decided to create a barrier by making sure the two do not meet with each other. Finally, at the end of the story their parents agree that the two were indeed in true love. They accepted the two couples to be buried together breaking the initial barrier that they had put between them. Another symbol of a wall or barrier was the lion. It chased Thisbe away dismantling the plan that they had of meeting and expressing their love to one another. The sword is a symbol of the power of control that lovers have. Both lovers used the sword to commit suicide taking their own lives consequentially. The lovers decided to take control of their lives with believe that they will meet and continue with their love affair in heaven were they will not be faced with any obstacle or restriction. The mulberry tree is a main symbol that signifies the extent of love that the two couples had with each other. It was darkened by blood that was shade by the two young couples changing its original color to red sign of true love. Up to date the fruits of the tree are presented as a gift of lo ve in many parts of the world. Tragic Love is the major theme in the story. The main story line in the play is about the desperate love that Pyramus and Thisbe had with each other (Pratt, Karen, pg.257). Apart from the two main characters, other minor characters mentioned earlier in the story analysis are also victims of tragic love affairs. If the love of the protagonist was set free by their parents by allowing them to get married, then their sudden deaths would not have prevailed. Theme of dreams hopes and plans is also displayed in the play. The protagonist were very hopeful and were dreaming about living together and breaking the barriers that existed in their lives. However, just like other ancient love stories their dreams were shuttered by the lion, their parents and other series of barriers which progressively hindered them. The theme of trust and mistrust was also highlighted from the story. The protagonist were seen to be trust each other to extend of planning to meet each other at a secret place in th e tomb. Despite the fact that the two couples trusted each other, their parents did not trust them. They were paranoid and denied any bid from Pyramus and Thisbe to get married or to court freely until they devised other ways to meet and express their love. The myse en abyme in Pyramus and Thisbe is a play that the author used to express how hindered love can bring troubles to both their lovers, parents and the rest of the society. Some scholars believe that the story is one of the oldest stories of love in modern England. The play has been repeated severally in many theatres and has been used as in literature by many tutors of literature. Works cited Pratt, Karen. The Dynamics of the European Short Narrative in its Manuscript Context: The Case of Pyramus and Thisbe. The Dynamics of the Medieval Manuscript: Text Collections from a European Perspective (2017): 257. Camati, Anna Stegh. Intermedial issues inscribed in Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream. Todas as Letras-Revista de i ­ngua e Literatura 19.1 (2017). Delcorno, Pietro. Christ and the soul are like Pyramus and Thisbe: An Ovidian Story in Fifteenth-Century Sermons. Medieval Sermon Studies 60.1 (2016): 37-61. Money, Tammie. And Saxby. Primer. Suicide: Loss, shame, guilt and pain across millennia. American Journal of Medical Research? 4.1 (2017): 7-7.